Telecommunication systems and human-machine interfaces have begun using multiple microphones and loudspeakers to make conversation and interaction more lifelike, and hence more efficient. This development raises a variety of acoustic signal processing problems under multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) scenarios, encompassing distant speech acquisition, sound source localization and tracking, echo and noise control, source separation and speech dereverberation, and many others. Acoustic MIMO Signal Processing presents the theoretical and the practical in separate sections. The authors open by introducing an acoustic MIMO paradigm, establishing the fundamental of the field, and linking acoustic MIMO signal processing with the concepts of classical signal processing and communication theories in terms of system identification, equalization, and adaptive algorithms. The second part of the book presents a novel and penetrating analysis of aforementioned acoustic applications that is carried out in the paradigm to reinforce the fundamental concepts of acoustic MIMO signal processing.