
Between 1095 and 1229, Western Europe confronted a series of alternative cultural possibilities that would fundamentally transform its social structures, its intellectual life, and its very identity. It was a period of difficult decisions and anxiety rather than a triumphant 'renaissance'.
In this fresh reassessment of the twelfth century, John D. Cotts:Nous publions uniquement les avis qui respectent les conditions requises. Consultez nos conditions pour les avis.