This book provides an introductory course on nuclear and particle physics, suitable for undergraduate and early-graduate students. Emphasis is given to the discovery and history of developments in the field, and is experimentally/phenomenologically oriented. Originally published in German as Kern- und Teilchenphysik, several sections have been added to this new English version to cover modern topics, including updates on neutrinos, the Higgs boson, the top quark and bottom quark physics.