Worldwide health care problems are finding growing application in Operations Research. This monograph covers a range of modeling and methodological issues including environmental, experimental, simulation, and mathematical modeling approaches. The author is one of the leading research scholars in the field. His work on health risk modeling will be synthesized along with the work of others on modeling human health risks. The main goal is to provide and illustrate methods for quantitative risk assessment and for comparing alternative risk management actions, given realistic limitations on scientific knowledge and available data. Some of the steps covered are hazard identification, exposure assessment, dose-response modeling, and risk characterization, including uncertainty and sensitivity analyses.