Foreword; Dirk Hastedt.- 1 Introduction to Reliability and Validity of International Large-Scale Assessment; Hans Wagemaker.- 2 Study Design and Evolution, and the Imperatives of Reliability and Validity; Hans Wagemaker.- 3 Framework Development in International Large-Scale Assessment Studies; John Ainley and Wolfram Schulz.- 4 Assessment Content Development; Liz Twist and Julian Fraillon.- 5 Questionnaire Development in International Large-Scale Assessment Studies; Wolfram Schulz and Ralph Carstens.- 6 Translation: The Preparation of National Language Versions of Assessment Instruments; Paula Korsnakova, Steve Dept, and David Ebbs.- 7 Sampling, Weighting, and Variance Estimation; Sabine Meinck.- 8 Quality Control during Data Collection: Refining for Rigor; Lauren Musu, Sandra Dohr, and Andrea Netten.- 9 Post-collection Data Capture, Processing, and Scoring; Alena Becker.- 10 Technology and Assessment; Heiko Sibberns.- 11 Ensuring Validity in International Comparisons Using State-of-the-art Psychometric Methodologies; Matthias von Davier, Eugene Gonzalez, and Wolfram Schulz.- 12 Publishing and Dissemination; Seamus Hegarty and Sive Finlay.- 13 Consequential Validity: Data Access, Data Use, Analytical Support, and Training; Sabine Meinck, Eugene Gonzalez, and Hans Wagemaker.- 14 Using IEA Studies to Inform Policymaking and Program Development: The Case of Singapore; Hui Leng Ng, Chew Leng Poon, and Elizabeth Pang.- 15 Understanding the Policy Influence of International Large-Scale Assessments in Education; David Rutkowski, Greg Thompson, and Leslie Rutkowski.-