This book delivers theoretical and practical knowledge for developing algorithms that infer linear and non-linear multivariate models, providing a methodology for inductive learning of polynomial neural network models (PNN) from data. The text emphasizes an organized identification process by which to discover models that generalize and predict well. The investigations detailed here demonstrate that PNN models evolved by genetic programming and improved by backpropagation are successful when solving real-world tasks. Here is an essential reference for researchers and practitioners in the fields of evolutionary computation, artificial neural networks and Bayesian inference, as well for advanced-level students of genetic programming.