Description

The human life has always been in danger from diseases caused by microorganisms. Great attention has been paid to bacterial fight to antibiotics in both human beings and animal populations for its adverse impacts on morbidity and mortality from diseases caused by resistant bacteria. It also causes economic costs of therapy and real risks of the spread of resistant strains among animals and humans.Administration of third generation Cephalosporins and Aztreonam in an infection with confirmed ESBL producers would be disastrous, because this would not only be ineffective thus increasing mortality but simultaneously promoting ESBLs production and leading to increased resistance.Emergence of metallo-beta-lactamase-mediated resistance in Pakistan is a matter of great concern. Carbapenems are effective therapeutic agents against highly resistant pathogens like Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp. Spread of this resistance among these pathogens and transfer to other Gram-negative bacteria would seriously restrict our therapeutic options.